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 <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/span>\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1b\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\uff1b\u6587\u5316\u6240\u6709\u6743\uff1b\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u707e\u96be\uff1b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff1b\u8bdd\u8bed\u9738\u6743<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/span>\u5b89\u5fb7\u660e\uff0c\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/span><\/div>\n
\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff08<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\uff09\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u9ad8\u5ea6\u91cd\u89c6\u548c\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u54cd\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u8f70\u8f70\u70c8\u70c8\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7740\u3002\u4ece\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ee5\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u548c\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u4e4b\u5927\u3001\u7275\u6d89\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u4f17\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5e7f\uff0c\u8db3\u53ef\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u800c\u6beb\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fc7\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
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\u5398\u6e05\u8fd9\u4e00\u5168\u7403\u5316\u884c\u52a8\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u8574\u6db5\u7684\u6587\u5316\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u672f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u786e\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u5e76\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5065\u5eb7\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u7136\u800c\u9057\u61be\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u5b66\u754c\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u867d\u7136\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u8bba\u8457\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f“\u600e\u6837\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7”\u4e00\u7c7b\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u6e0a\u6e90\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff1b\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u6bd4\u8f83\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\uff0c<\/span><\/span>[\u2460<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u5374\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5c31\u5176\u5728<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u6216\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6e90\u6d41\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8ffd\u6eaf\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u6e0a\u6e90\u3001\u5373\u5b83\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5374\u6240\u8c08\u751a\u5c11\u3002<\/span><\/span>[\u2461<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u81f3\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5229\u5f0a\u5f97\u5931\u7b49\u7684\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u4e3a\u7f55\u89c1\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/span>[\u2462<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ece\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6839\u6e90\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u6e0a\u6e90\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u6240\u5305\u6db5\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u53ca\u5176\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u7406\u6279\u5224\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5f31\u52bf\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4f53\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u6240\u6709\u6743\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u589e\u5f3a——\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7f18\u8d77\u4e4b\u4e00<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5728<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e0e\u4eca\u5929\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bae\u6848\uff0c\u662f\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e<\/span>1973<\/span>\u5e74\u5c31\u6c11\u4fd7\uff08<\/span>folklore<\/span>\uff09\u4fdd\u62a4\u95ee\u9898\u5411<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff08\u822a\u67ef\uff0c<\/span>1988<\/span>\uff1b\u5411\u4e91\u9a79\uff0c<\/span>2004<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>35<\/span>\uff5e<\/span>35<\/span>\uff1b\u5415\u5efa\u660c\u3001\u5ed6\u83f2\uff0c<\/span>2005<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4efd\u7531\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5916\u4ea4\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u90e8\u9012\u4ea4\u7684\u63d0\u6848\uff08<\/span>Intergovernmental Copyright Committee<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1973<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>Annex A<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u5173\u6ce8\u6c11\u4fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u6743\u516c\u7ea6\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c11\u4fd7\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u5ba3\u4f20\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u7b49\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7248\u6743\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6c11\u4fd7\u4f5c\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a“\u5b83\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u8868\u8fbe\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u533f\u540d\u3001\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e90\u4e8e\u5927\u4f17\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc4\u4eca\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u5927\u591a\u6570\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u6ce8\u610f\u3002”\uff08<\/span>Intergovernmental Copyright Committee<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1973<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>Annex A<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u63d0\u6848\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1a\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u6709\u5173\u7684\u516c\u7ea6\u90fd\u53ea\u6ce8\u91cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u6709\u5f62\u6587\u5316\uff08<\/span>tangible objects<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5173\u6ce8\u8868\u8fbe\u6027\uff08<\/span>expression<\/span>\uff09\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u6700\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5728\u5177\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u503e\u5411\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u906d\u53d7\u7740\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u4efb\u4f55\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u8d77\u6e90\u5730\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u6807\u660e\u3002\u63d0\u6848\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u821e\u8e48\u548c\u53e3\u5934\u6587\u5b66\u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u88ab\u76d7\u7528\uff08<\/span>filching<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u97f3\u4e50\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6c11\u95f4\u6b4c\u8bcd\u88ab\u4e2a\u4eba\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\u76d7\u7528\uff08<\/span>appropriate<\/span>\uff09\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u5e76\u4eab\u53d7\u7248\u6743\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6c11\u95f4\u97f3\u4e50\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u5176\u533f\u540d\u7684\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u518d\u662f“\u6c11\u95f4\u97f3\u4e50”\u800c\u6210\u4e86“\u4e2a\u4eba\u521b\u4f5c”\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u7406\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u6240\u521b\u9020\u3001\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7fa4\u62e5\u6709\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u821e\u8e48\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e8e\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u56e0\u7d20\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u821e\u8e48\u5e76\u65e0\u6e0a\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6240\u76d7\u7528\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6bd4\u8d5b\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u821e\u8e48\u5ba3\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u821e\u8e48\u3002\u63d0\u6848\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5c24\u5176\u9971\u53d7\u5176\u82e6\u3002\u6765\u81ea\u90bb\u56fd\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7adf\u7136\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u9001\u6574\u5957\u7684\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u6c11\u95f4\u821e\u8e48\u670d\u88c5\u3001\u96c7\u4f63\u523a\u7ee3\u5de5\u3001\u9762\u5177\u5236\u9020\u8005\u4e43\u81f3\u519c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u821e\u8e48\u6307\u5bfc\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u884c\u52a8\uff08<\/span>non-spontaneous transculturation process<\/span>\uff09——\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u76d7\u7a83\u4e0e\u79d8\u5bc6\u8f6c\u8fd0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u521b\u9020\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u9010\u6e10\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u4e3a\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u8d22\u529b\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u5374\u4f1a\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u5ba3\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6beb\u65e0\u74dc\u845b\uff08<\/span>Intergovernmental Copyright Committee<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1973<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>Annex A<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u6743\u6cd5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u4ee5“\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4”\uff08<\/span>public domain<\/span>\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6c11\u95f4\u97f3\u4e50\u4e43\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u7248\u6743\u516c\u7ea6\u4e2d\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u6765\u5ba3\u544a\u7279\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7248\u56fe\u5185\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u3001\u96c6\u4f53\u521b\u9020\u7684\u3001\u533f\u540d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u56fd\u8d22\u4ea7\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u7167<\/span>1964<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u827a\u672f\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u8003\u53e4\u8d44\u6e90\u4ea7\u6743\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u6848\uff0c\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e00\u9879\u516c\u7ea6\uff0c\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u6709\u5173\u6c11\u4fd7\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u5ba3\u4f20\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb“\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6ce8\u518c”\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08<\/span>Intergovernmental Copyright Committee<\/span>\uff0c<\/span>1973<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>Annex A<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u4eca\u5929<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u5b9e\u65bd\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4<\/span>\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u601d\u8def\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b7e\u53d1\u516c\u7ea6\u548c\u5efa\u7acb“\u4eba\u7c7b\u53e3\u5934\u548c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c”\u540d\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u76f4\u63a5\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u4ece\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u63d0\u51fa\u8bae\u6848\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u91cd\u89c6\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u7248\u6743\u6cd5\u6216\u5236\u5b9a\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c11\u4fd7\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u9645\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff08\u822a\u67ef\uff0c<\/span>1988<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5177\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e0b\uff0c<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u5bf9\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u591a\u6b21\u8bba\u8bc1\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\u8349\u6848\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u5305\u62ec<\/span>1985<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>8<\/span>\u6708<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b\u4e3a\u7b2c<\/span>23<\/span>\u5c4a\u5927\u4f1a\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c11\u4fd7\u56fd\u9645\u901a\u7528\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u884c\u653f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/span><\/span>[\u2463<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u957f\u671f\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c<\/span> UNESCO <\/span>\u4e8e<\/span>1989<\/span>\u5e74\u5728\u7b2c<\/span>25<\/span>\u5c4a\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c11\u95f4\u521b\u4f5c\u5efa\u8bae\u6848\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u53c8\u4e8e<\/span>2003<\/span>\u5e74\u5728\u7b2c<\/span>32<\/span>\u5c4a\u5927\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u51c6\u5219\u6027\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u5728<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u63d0\u5021\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\uff0c\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u6216\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u52b3\u91cc·\u822a\u67ef\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u63d0\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bae\u6848\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fdd\u62a4\u6216\u4fdd\u5b58\u5176\u6c11\u4fd7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53cd\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u3001\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u56fd\u5185\u5bf9\u6c11\u4fd7\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002“\u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u628a\u4fdd\u62a4\u6c11\u95f4\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f53\u4f5c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002”\uff08\u822a\u67ef\uff0c<\/span>1988<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6587\u5316\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e92\u52a8\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5f3a\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u6d3b\u52a8\u65e5\u76ca\u52a0\u5267\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e2d\u76f8\u5bf9\u5904\u4e8e\u5f31\u52bf\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3a\u4fdd\u62a4\u672c\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u6743\u5229\u800c\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5021\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u6743\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5f3a\u6709\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u6db5\u7684\u5bf9\u56e0\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5316\u800c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e26\u6765\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u4e5f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684——\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u730e\u5947\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97“\u672c\u571f\u7684”\u3001“\u6c11\u65cf\u7684”\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u4e5f\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u62e5\u6709\u56fd\u683c\u5916\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u613f\u671b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u76d7\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e9a\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u5f53\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c<\/span><\/span>[\u2464<\/span>]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5f53\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u8bae\u6848\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u906d\u9047\u7c7b\u4f3c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u79ef\u6781\u5bfb\u6c42\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u800c\u6784\u6210\u4e86<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\u5f31\u52bf\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u6743\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u72ec\u7acb\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f<\/span>UNESCO<\/span>\u591a\u5e74\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002“\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u67d0\u79cd\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e9a\u975e\u62c9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6587\u5316\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u627f\u8ba4\u3002\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u4ee3\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u5411\u6d77\u5916\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u88ab\u5360\u9886\u5730\u533a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728‘\u4e00\u5207\u6587\u5316\u5747\u6709\u5176\u5c0a\u4e25\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u53d7\u5230\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58’\uff08\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u6587\u5316\u5408\u4f5c\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b<\/span>1966<\/span>\u5e74\uff09\u539f\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u8868\u6f14\u827a\u672f\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4eea\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u53d7\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5219\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u6b64\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002”\uff08\u5415\u5efa\u660c\u3001\u5ed6\u83f2\uff0c<\/span>2005<\/span>\uff09\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e9a\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u3002“\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u540c\u5360\u6709\u6b32\u3001\u53ca\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002”\uff08\u5415\u6c5f\uff0c<\/span>2005<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6e17\u900f\uff0c\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u5947\u7279\u5730\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u5948\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e9a\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f4f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u8c61\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u81ea\u5df1\u539f\u6709\u7684\u6709\u5173\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u800c\u8ffd\u968f\u6765\u81ea\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u4e8c\u5f8b\u80cc\u53cd\u662f\u5341\u5206\u8010\u4eba\u5bfb\u5473\u7684\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u5148\u5929\u5730\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e86\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e2d\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u8574\u6db5\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u7531\u6b64\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f15\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u51b2\u7a81\u4e5f\u5c31\u5728\u6240\u96be\u514d\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

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\u7ee7\u7eed\u6d4f\u89c8\uff1a1<\/font> | 2<\/u> | 3<\/u> | 4<\/u> | 5<\/u> | 6<\/u> | 7<\/u> | <\/p>\n

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