![\"\"](\"https:\/\/baike123-aliyunoss-img.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/15\/20240515163847192.jpg\")
<\/center><\/p>\n\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u5230\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\uff1a\u6587\u5316\u89c2\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5173\u952e<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6309\u7167\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u7c7b\u3002\u6587\u7269\uff1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u827a\u672f\u6216\u79d1\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u5177\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u3001\u7891\u96d5\u548c\u7891\u753b\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8003\u53e4\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u6210\u5206\u6216\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u94ed\u6587\u3001\u7a9f\u6d1e\u4ee5\u53ca\u8054\u5408\u4f53;\u5efa\u7b51\u7fa4\uff1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u827a\u672f\u6216\u79d1\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u5728\u5efa\u7b51\u5f0f\u6837\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u7279\u70b9\u6216\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u666f\u8272\u7ed3\u5408\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5355\u7acb\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u7fa4;\u9057\u5740\uff1a\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5ba1\u7f8e\u3001\u4eba\u79cd\u5b66(ethnological)\u6216\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u5177\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u4eba\u8054\u5408\u5de5\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8003\u53e4\u5730\u5740\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6309\u7167\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u6307\u88ab\u5404\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u662f\u88ab\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u89c6\u4e3a\u5176\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b9e\u8df5\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u8868\u8ff0\u3001\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u6280\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u5b9e\u7269\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1\u548c\u6587\u5316\u573a\u6240\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4e16\u4ee3\u76f8\u4f20\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u793e\u533a\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u9002\u5e94\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u518d\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793e\u533a\u548c\u7fa4\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u611f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u8868\u9762\u770b\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u7ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u6db5\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6df1\u7a76\u5176\u7406\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u56fa\u7136\u6d89\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6db5\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u952e\u662f\u6587\u5316\u89c2\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684“\u52a8”(\u6587\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1)\u4e0e“\u9759”(\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4f20\u627f)\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u5f3a\u8c03\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u79d1\u4e3b\u4f53\u89c6\u91ce\u4e0b\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u8861\u91cf\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u5b66\u79d1(\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u827a\u672f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u8003\u53e4\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7b49)\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u6807\u6746;\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4e0d\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u5b66\u79d1\u89c6\u91ce\u4e0b\u7684\u666e\u904d\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ee5\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3a\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f“\u5236\u52a8\u6c42\u9759”\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u907f\u514d\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u6d41\u5931;\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u5f3a\u8c03“\u4ee5\u52a8\u901a\u9759”\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u518d\u9020\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/baike123-aliyunoss-img.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/15\/20240515163850786.jpg\")
<\/center><\/p>\n\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5168\u7403\u6587\u5316\u7ecf\u7eac\u4e2d\u5ba1\u89c6\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6f84\u6e05\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4e0e\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u5b66\u7406\u4e0a\u68b3\u7406\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u56de\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u6f84\u6e05\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb\u9700\u628a\u89c6\u91ce\u6295\u653e\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u6587\u5316\u8bed\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5360\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u95f4;\u4ee5\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u7cfb\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u521a\u6027\u7ed3\u6784;\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5168\u7403\u5316\u65e5\u76ca\u6df1\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u975e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u996d\u5c40\u3001\u9ebb\u5c06\u3001\u793c\u7269\u5f80\u6765\u7b49\u652f\u6491\u7684“\u4eba\u60c5”\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e00“\u7406\u6027\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4eba”\u53d6\u5f97\u72ec\u5c0a\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u60c5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u80a1\u6697\u6d41\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u6587\u5316\u878d\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u5728\u6587\u5316\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f6e\u8eab\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u662f\u4f60\u4e2d\u6709\u6211\u3001\u6211\u4e2d\u6709\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u5b64\u5c9b\u7684\u62fc\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
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