{"id":9545,"date":"2024-05-15T16:27:47","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T08:27:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/baike.ytso.com\/index.php\/2024\/05\/15\/%e6%9d%8e%e9%9d%96%e5%8d%b0%e8%b1%a1%e6%b3%bc%e6%b0%b4%e8%8a%82%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%a4%e7%bb%87%e4%ba%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e3%80%81%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b0%91%e9%97%b4%e4%bb%aa\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T16:27:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T08:27:47","slug":"%e6%9d%8e%e9%9d%96%e5%8d%b0%e8%b1%a1%e6%b3%bc%e6%b0%b4%e8%8a%82%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%a4%e7%bb%87%e4%ba%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e3%80%81%e5%9c%b0%e6%96%b9%e3%80%81%e6%b0%91%e9%97%b4%e4%bb%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baike.ytso.com\/?p=9545","title":{"rendered":"[\u674e\u9756]\u5370\u8c61\u201c\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u201d\uff1a\u4ea4\u7ec7\u4e8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

\n\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e91\u5357\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2a\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u96c6\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u5e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u5851\u5efa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u754c\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u8282\u5e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u5143\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u7a81\u51fa\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u5b98\u65b9\u6027\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u89c6\u89d2\u4ece\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5355\u5411\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u8f6c\u5411\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u548c\u5bf9\u6743\u529b\u5229\u7528\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u591a\u5143\u6027\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u8bdd\u8bed\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u6240\u4e0a\u6f14\u7684“\u620f\u5267”\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\uff1b\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\uff1b\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u65e5<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u674e\u9756\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd Gettysburg College \u4e9a\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u526f\u6559\u6388<\/p>\n

\n

\u3000\u30001961\u5e74\u5468\u603b\u7406\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4e91\u5357\u897f\u53cc\u7248\u7eb3\u5e76\u548c\u50a3\u5bb6\u4eba\u6cfc\u6c34\u5e86\u795d\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4ece\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u8bed\u6587\u8bfe\u672c\u5230\u5e74\u753b\u548c\u6b4c\u66f2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e55\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u56fd\u5bb6\u8bdd\u8bed\u5bf9\u50a3\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u754c\u5b9a\u3002“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”——\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u7684\u6c49\u8bed\u79f0\u6cd5[1]——\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u56fd\u5185\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7248\u7eb3\u50a3\u65cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ece80\u5e74\u4ee3\u59cb\uff0c\u5f53\u7248\u7eb3\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u65c5\u6e38\u5730\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u4e0d\u518d\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u6587\u5316\u60f3\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u4e3b\u6d41\u793e\u4f1a\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u50a3\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6027\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u8fdb\u516590\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u88ab\u51a0\u4ee5“\u4e1c\u65b9\u72c2\u6b22\u8282”\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u5f02\u6587\u5316\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u9b45\u529b\u3002\u6bcf\u5e744\u670813\u53f7\u523015\u53f7\uff0c\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\u6c47\u805a\u5728\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u7684\u6f9c\u6ca7\u6c5f\u7554\u548c\u683d\u6ee1\u4e86\u6930\u6811\u7684\u5927\u8857\u5c0f\u5df7\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u7740\u548c\u672c\u5730\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u53bb\u7ecf\u5386“\u771f\u5b9e”\u7684“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u3002\u5bc6\u96c6\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u3001\u707c\u4eba\u7684\u6c14\u6e29\u3001\u9f13\u94d9\u9707\u5929\u7684\u9f99\u821f\u8d5b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5288\u5934\u76d6\u8138\u75af\u72c2\u7684\u6c34\u6218\u6210\u529f\u5730\u6f14\u7ece\u7740“\u4e1c\u65b9\u72c2\u6b22\u8282”\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u76db\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u5728\u7248\u7eb3\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c4\u6027\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u77d7\u7acb\u5728\u7248\u7eb3\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u66fc\u5385\u516c\u56ed\u5927\u95e8\u5904\u7684\u5468\u603b\u7406\u548c\u50a3\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e00\u9053\u6cfc\u6c34\u795d\u798f\u7684\u5927\u578b\u77f3\u96d5\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u7701\u7ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u6e38\u5ba2\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u4e0e\u4f53\u9a8c\u6cfc\u6c34\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u573a\u5730\u80cc\u666f\u30022006\u5e74“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u800c\u540c\u5e74\u4e00\u573a\u5927\u578b\u7684\u5c71\u6c34\u5b9e\u666f\u6587\u5316\u8868\u6f14\u300a\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u5370\u8c61\u300b\u5728\u7248\u7eb3\u52d0\u7f55\u5730\u533a\u51fa\u53f0\u3002\u5982\u5176\u5ba3\u4f20\u8bed\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c“\u5929\u5929\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u6f14\u628a\u4e00\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u7cbe\u5fc3\u6253\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5916\u5730\u6e38\u5ba2\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u80fd\u7ecf\u5386\u7684“\u6b64\u65f6\u6b64\u523b”\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u50cf\u7248\u7eb3\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u4e4f\u5176\u4f8b[2]\u3002\u5b83\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u65c5\u6e38\u6d88\u8d39\u4e3b\u4e49[3]\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5174\u8d77\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u88ab\u5c55\u73b0\u5e76\u88ab\u65e5\u76ca\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f6e\u6d41\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u6f6e\u6d41\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u56fd\u5916\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u5168\u7403\u65c5\u6e38\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u8005Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett\u6307\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u8282\u65e5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd“\u6d53\u7f29\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7269\u8c61 (encapsulated cultural object)”[4]\u3002\u96c6\u8272\u5f69\u3001\u6c1b\u56f4\u3001\u52a8\u611f\u3001\u620f\u5267\u6027\u4e8e\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f80\u5f80\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u96c6\u4e2d\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u4eae\u70b9\u548c\u9ad8\u6f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5bfb\u6c42\u5f02\u6587\u5316\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u6e38\u5ba2\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u56fd\u9645\u8fd8\u662f\u56fd\u5185\uff0c\u4eb2\u8eab\u53c2\u4e0e\u4f53\u9a8c\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u7740\u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591\u7684\u8bf1\u60d1\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u4e0d\u80dc\u679a\u4e3e\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u5177\u6709\u5168\u7403\u666e\u904d\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u57df\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5c55\u73b0\u5f62\u6001\u5374\u53d8\u5e7b\u591a\u6837\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5730\u57df\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u6b63\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u56fd\u5185\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u5e26\u6709\u7740\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u884c\u653f\u8fd0\u4f5c\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5728\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u884c\u4e3a\u64cd\u7eb5\u7740\u6c11\u95f4\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u548c\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u65c5\u6e38\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u6f9c\u3002\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u7a81\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u8bd5\u56fe\u628a\u89c6\u89d2\u4ece\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6743\u529b\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u8f6c\u5411\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u5f0f\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u6743\u529b\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u5c42\u4eba\u58eb\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u5851\u5efa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u4e0e\u548c\u754c\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u8282\u5e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001 \u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u548c\u6743\u529b\u5b9e\u8df5(the practices of power)<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u666f\u6d2a\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u8282\u5e86\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u662f\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u666e\u904d\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6216\u8005\u5728\u6751\u843d\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5c81\u65f6\u66f4\u66ff\u4e4b\u9645\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5176\u6210\u5458\u5efa\u7acb\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\u666f\u6d2a\u5e02\u533a\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684“\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282”\u4e2d\uff0c\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u4f7f\u5f97\u50a3\u5386\u65b0\u5e74\u8282\u4e2d\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u672c\u8d28\u548c\u6587\u5316\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u6027\uff0c\u88ab\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u6c14\u606f\u548c\u72c2\u6b22\u7684\u55a7\u56a3\u7a00\u91ca\u751a\u81f3\u6d88\u89e3[5]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u79ef\u6781\u501f\u9274\u4e86“\u4f20\u7edf\u518d\u53d1\u660e(the invention of tradition)”\u7684\u89c6\u89d2[6]\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u65c5\u6e38\u5316\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u8fc1\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u666f\u6d2a\u7684\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u867d\u7136“\u4ecd\u662f\u7531\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b‘\u6750\u6599’\u62fc\u63a5”\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u65c5\u6e38\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u79cd“\u8868\u6f14\u4eea\u5f0f”[7]\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8282\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5546\u8d38\u6d3b\u52a8)\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6cfc\u6c34\u5730\u70b9\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u5219\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u52a8\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d[8]\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u610f\u5fd7\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\u548c\u5b98\u65b9\u884c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6c11\u95f4\u4eea\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u7eb5\u548c\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u800c\u6c11\u95f4\u4eea\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u88ab\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u5316\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u3002\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6743\u529b\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u7edf\u76f8\u4e92\u5bf9\u7acb\u5e76\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u7b49\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u518d\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u7814\u7a76\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f6c\u5411\u5bf9\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u7a7a\u95f4\u6240\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u6743\u529b\u5173\u7cfb\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5f53\u4ee3\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\u6587\u5316\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fc7\u591a\u6ce8\u91cd\u6743\u529b\u7b49\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u518d\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u8282\u5e86\u65c5\u6e38\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u653f\u5e9c\u5177\u6709\u5851\u5efa\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8868\u6f14\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5c55\u793a\u5219\u662f\u7531\u591a\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u4ece\u6c11\u65cf\u97f3\u4e50\u5b66\u8005\u6768\u6c11\u5eb7\u5bf9\u6cfc\u6c34\u8282\u4eea\u5f0f\u97f3\u4e50[9]\u4ee5\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u8005Anouska Komlosy\u5bf9\u6cfc\u6c34\u72c2\u6b22\u6d3b\u52a8[10]\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7248\u7eb3\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u5c42\u53ca\u666f\u6d2a\u672c\u5730\u4eba\u662f\u8282\u5e86\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b9e\u65bd\u8005\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u53c2\u52a0\u6e38\u6f14\u6cfc\u6c34\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u5b98\u65b9\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8282\u5e86\u884c\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b98\u65b9\u7b56\u5212\u7684\u8282\u5e86\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u5f97\u590d\u6742\u5316\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b98\u65b9\u8868\u6f14\u4eea\u5f0f\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8282\u65e5\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u8ff0\u548c\u5b98\u65b9\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e4b\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u7ec7\u4e92\u52a8?<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u6d4f\u89c8\uff1a1<\/font> | 2<\/u> | 3<\/u> | 4<\/u> | 5<\/u> | 6<\/u> | 7<\/u> | <\/p>\n

  \u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u7f51
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