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\n

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\u3000\u3000\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u65e2\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u81ea\u8eab\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u5176\u5f00\u5c55\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7684\u4e13\u95e8\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u4e8e\u5404\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u804c\u8d23\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\uff1a“1.\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\uff1b2.\u5c0a\u91cd\u6709\u5173\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\uff1b3.\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u4e00\u7ea7\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u6b23\u8d4f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\uff1b4.\u5f00\u5c55\u56fd\u9645\u5408\u4f5c\u53ca\u63d0\u4f9b\u56fd\u9645\u63f4\u52a9”\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5021\u5bfc\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u975e\u9057“\u662f\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u7194\u7089\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002”\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u4ee5\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65bd\u539f\u5219\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u73b0\u5e76\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\uff1f\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u575a\u6301\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001\u5185\u751f\u6027\u4e0e\u5916\u8054\u6027\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e<\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u65e2\u7136\u6709“\u5185\u90e8\u4eba”\u4e0e“\u5916\u90e8\u4eba”\u4e4b\u522b\uff0c\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u6709“\u5185\u751f\u6027”\u4e0e“\u5916\u8054\u6027”\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u975e\u9057\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u975e\u9057\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u6307\u975e\u9057\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u975e\u9057\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u6d88\u8d39\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u88ab\u9610\u91ca\u3001\u5c55\u6f14\u4e0e\u88ab\u5c55\u6f14\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u5173\u7cfb\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u4e92\u60e0\u3001\u5b88\u4fe1\u7cbe\u795e\uff1b\u6709\u65f6\u6307\u975e\u9057\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u4eba\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u975e\u9057\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u5171\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u8bda\u5b9e\u5b88\u4fe1\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u901a\u8fc7\u6216\u6838\u53ef\u7684\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u516c\u7ea6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5404\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u6cd5\u89c4\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u539f\u5219\u300b\u5c31\u662f\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u662f\u5404\u7f14\u7ea6\u56fd\u4e0e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f14\u7ea6\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u6240\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u591a\u5c42\u591a\u8fb9\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u9057“\u5185\u90e8\u4eba”\u4e0e“\u5916\u90e8\u4eba”\u4e4b\u95f4\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u975e\u9057\u9879\u76ee“\u5185\u90e8\u4eba”\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u3001\u5171\u5efa\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0e\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u975e\u9057\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4f26\u7406\u539f\u5219\u300b\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6838\u53ef\u7684\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u5bf9\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4“\u5916\u90e8\u4eba”\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6027\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u517112\u6761\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u8981\u6c42\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u8005\u5c0a\u91cd\u975e\u9057\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\uff0c\u4fdd\u969c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u53c2\u4e0e\u6743\u548c\u83b7\u76ca\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6b64\u5916\uff0c1998\u5e74\u300a\u5ba3\u5e03\u4eba\u7c7b\u53e3\u5934\u4e0e\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u6761\u4f8b\u300b\u30012005\u5e74\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6587\u5316\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u591a\u6837\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u548c2014\u5e74\u300a\u5b9e\u65bd&lt;\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6&gt;\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5357\u300b\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5404\u7f14\u7ea6\u56fd\u7684\u975e\u9057\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u548c\u4f20\u627f\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5951\u7ea6\u65b9\u8981\u5c65\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5951\u7ea6\u3002\u300a\u5b9e\u65bd&lt;\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6&gt;\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u5357\u300b\u5728\u786e\u8ba4“\u4eba\u7c7b\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u540d\u5f55”“\u6025\u9700\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u540d\u5f55”“\u4f18\u79c0\u5b9e\u8df5\u540d\u518c”\u5b9e\u8df5\u65f6\uff0c\u65e2\u5f3a\u8c03\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u6743\u548c\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u5951\u7ea6\u7684\u5c65\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6587\u5316\u5e72\u6270\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u5efa\u7acb\u975e\u9057\u4fdd\u62a4\u5916\u90e8\u4fdd\u969c\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u6620\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f53\u73b0\u5951\u7ea6\u53c2\u4e0e\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u662f\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5185\u751f\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u5916\u8054\u6027\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u3001\u4e92\u4e3a\u8868\u91cc\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u975e\u9057\u8ba4\u5b9a\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u975e\u9057\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u81ea\u8ba4\uff08“\u89c6\u4e3a\u5176\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7”\uff09\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d3b\u6001\u4ee3\u9645\u4f20\u627f\u548c\u589e\u5f3a\u793e\u533a\u3001\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u611f\u3001\u521b\u9020\u529b\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff1b\u53c8\u662f\u88ab\u4ed6\u8005\uff08\u4ee5\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u6240\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ee5\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u9645\u4eba\u6743\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7b26\u5408\u76f8\u4e92\u5c0a\u91cd\u9700\u8981\u548c\u987a\u5e94\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u975e\u9057\u662f\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u53cd\u6620\uff0c\u662f\u5916\u8054\u6027\u4e0e\u5185\u751f\u6027\u4e24\u79cd\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u5171\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u5951\u7ea6\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u745e\u5409\u65af·\u672c\u8fea\u514b\u65af\uff08Regina Bendix\uff09\u8bb2\u7684“\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u6765\u7684”\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9053\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u7eed\u6d4f\u89c8\uff1a1<\/font> | 2<\/u> | <\/p>\n

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