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heritage)\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7(natural heritage)\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5bf9\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0e\u4f20\u627f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u4eba\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4ea6\u5173\u8054\u7740\u5b50\u5b59\u540e\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u9057\u4ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u968f\u7740\u5168\u7403\u5316\u6b65\u4f10\u7684\u52a0\u5feb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf-\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u5bf9\u9057\u4ea7\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u4e2d\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6587\u7269(monuments)\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7fa4(groups of buildings)\u3001\u9057\u5740(sites)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5728\u9057\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u6587\u7269\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7fa4\u3001\u9057\u5740\u7b49\u65e0\u6cd5\u9644\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u8d28\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u3002\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7(tangible cultural heritage)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd1\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec72003\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u4fdd\u62a4\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7(intangible cultural heritage)\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u66f4\u4f7f\u5f97\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316(intangible 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Handler)\u63d0\u793a\u6211\u4eec\uff0c&ldquo;\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001(cultural 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Howard)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c&ldquo;\u9057\u4ea7\u5e76\u975e\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e8b\u7269\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u6e90\u4e8e\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u9057\u4ea7\u5374\u603b\u662f\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u5e76\u975e\u662f\u5426\u8ba4\u9057\u4ea7\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u4eba\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5173\u6ce8\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u641c\u96c6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u9057\u4ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u53f2\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u786e\u5b9e\u6781\u5176\u7b80\u5355&rdquo;\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u8005\u8868\u5f81\u81ea\u6211\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc1\u660e\u6211\u8005\u4e0e\u4ed6\u8005\u5728\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u76f4\u9762\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u9057\u4ea7\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6211\u8005\u89c6\u57df\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6211\u8005\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u6211\u8005\u7684\u9057\u4ea7?\u4ed6\u8005\u4e0e\u6211\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0e\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u51f8\u663e\uff0c\u6765\u5f3a\u5316\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5efa\u6784\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u786e\u7acb\u4ed6\u8005\u4e0e\u6211\u8005\u7684\u6587\u5316\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u5728\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9057\u4ea7\u4ea6\u662f\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u83b7\u5f97\u7ee7\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7ea7\u7684\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u5ba2\u4f53\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u53ca\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5fc5\u7136\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u6d41\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u5fc5\u7136\u4e5f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7edd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5e76\u975e\u53ea\u6709\u5904\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u624d\u80fd\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5316\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5e76\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14&middot;\u8303&middot;\u666e\u96f7\u7279(Michel Van Pra&euml;t)\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u9057\u4ea7\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u5316\u65f6\u8bba\u8ff0\u9053\uff1a&ldquo;\u81ea\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e0e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u9057\u4ea7\u3001\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7(intangible heritage)\u662f\u5904\u4e8e\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66(ethnology)\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9986\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7269\u79cd\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u89c6\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u4e8e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6240\u6709\u521b\u9020\u884c\u4e3a(acts of creation)\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5b66\u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5bf9\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u53cd\u601d\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8003\u3002&rdquo;\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u662f\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u6784\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u5316\u804c\u80fd\u673a\u6784\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u6784\u5c06\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e0e\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u89c6\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u67d0\u4e00\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4ece\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u62bd\u79bb\u3002\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4ece\u4e0e\u9057\u4ea7\u4ea7\u751f\u5173\u8054\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5176\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e0b\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u9057\u4ea7\u6240\u5904\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u5219\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u9057\u4ea7\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u672a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\u4ee5\u53ca\u8282\u65e5\u4eea\u5f0f\u7b49\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5373\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\u4ee5\u53ca\u8282\u65e5\u4eea\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u6216\u7fa4\u4f53\u5236\u9020\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u800c\u53c2\u52a0\u8282\u65e5\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u5219\u662f\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2a\u4f53\u5efa\u6784\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u4ea7\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u62e5\u6709\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6211\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4ed6\u8005\u5bf9\u6211\u8005\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u6211\u8005\uff0c\u6211\u8005\u53cd\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6de1\u5fd8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u3002\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a&ldquo;\u9057\u4ea7&rdquo;\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\u6240\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u8005\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u7684\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u54c1\uff0c\u8282\u65e5\u4eea\u5f0f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u8005\u89c6\u91ce\u4e2d\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9057\u4ea7\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u4ed6\u8005\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5c55\u6f14\u5f62\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u540c\u6837\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u9057\u4ea7\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u539f\u6765\u4ee5\u751f\u4ea7\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4f11\u95f2\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5728\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65e2\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4f11\u95f2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u90a3\u4e9b\u8282\u65e5\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u6216\u72e9\u730e\u7b49\u751f\u4ea7\u52b3\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u539f\u6709\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u8fd8\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u90fd\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5404\u79cd\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8e\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u8d70\u5411\u73b0\u4ee3\u90fd\u5e02\u3001\u8ffd\u6c42\u7269\u8d28\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u79bb\u5f00\u5373\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7269\u7684\u8870\u843d\u3002\u5f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