\n
\n\u3000\u3000[\u6458 \u8981]\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5174\u8d77\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u3002\u5386\u7ecf\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u65f6\u4ff1\u8fdb\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u904d\u53ca\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u7c7b\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66(\u4e61\u571f\u6587\u5316)\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u548c\u4e13\u9879\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u7c7b\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u5360\u603b\u6570\u768460%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5fb7\u56fd\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5728\u5bf9\u6c11\u95f4\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u548c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u65b9\u9762\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u4e8b\u4e1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u957f\u671f\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u5176\u516c\u4f17\u6027\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e8b\u4e1a\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002
\n\u3000\u3000\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff1b\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\uff1b\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\uff1b\u6751\u843d\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff1b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4f20\u627f
\n \u4f5c\u8005\u5355\u4f4d\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u9a6c\u666e\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5feb\u901f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5efa\u8bbe\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5c31\u6fd2\u5371\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u76ee\u524d\u5907\u53d7\u56fd\u9645\u6587\u5316\u754c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u80fd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u9898\u7684\u8feb\u5207\u6027\u4f5c\u51fa\u6700\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u6ce8\u89e3\u30021989\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u56fd\u5bb6\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u535a\u7269\u9986(National Museum of the AmericanIndian\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u5199\u4e3aNMAI)\u7684\u8bae\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f2\u5bc6\u68ee\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff0c\u662f\u96c6\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6536\u85cf\u3001\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u5c55\u793a\u7b49\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u673a\u6784\u3002\u4ece\u9986\u573a\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5230\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u7b56\u5212\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u5e74\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c55\u9986\u76f8\u7ee7\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3001\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u548c\u9996\u90fd\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\u843d\u6210\u3002\u8be5\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f“\u5728\u4e0e\u897f\u534a\u7403\u7684\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u80af\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u57f9\u80b2\u4ed6\u4eec\u56fa\u6709\u65f6\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u5316\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u58f0\u97f3……\u5728\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0cNMAI\u627f\u8ba4\u6587\u5316\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u548c\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5438\u6536\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5f52\u6863\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u5c55\u51fa\u85cf\u54c1\u3002NMAI\u79ef\u6781\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u9014\u5f84\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u6587\u5316”\u30022004\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u7279\u533a\u5c55\u9986\u7684\u843d\u6210\u5c55\u89c8“\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b”\u7684\u5c55\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u53c2\u89c2\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5230\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000(\u6587\u5316\u4e0a\u7684)\u96f6\u4f59\u751f\u5b58(survivance)<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000……\u8981\u8d85\u8d8a\u82df\u5ef6\u6b8b\u5598\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u72b6\u6001(survival)\u3002\u96f6\u4f59\u751f\u5b58\u610f\u5473\u7740\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u9ad8\u626c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5728\u4fe1\u5b88\u53e4\u8001\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u6781\u5927\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u53bb\u8fce\u63a5\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u5207\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u8fd9\u4e00\u6765\u81ea\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684“\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u89c9”\u8005\u5728\u9762\u4e34\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u6fd2\u4e34\u5371\u5883\u65f6\u6240\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u75db\u5207\u4f46\u6fc0\u6602\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u4fdd\u62a4\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u56de\u54cd\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5173\u4e8e\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5b66\u4e0e\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8be5\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u5176\u4e3b\u65e8\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u8bc4\u5224\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7f8e\u6d32\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4fdd\u5b58“\u9057\u7559\u7269”\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u548c\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u62a4\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4ee5\u6c42\u8fbe\u5230\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e5f\u662f\u535a\u7269\u9986\u4e8b\u4e1a\u975e\u5e38\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u5404\u7c7b\u535a\u7269\u99866000\u4f59\u5ea7\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u7c7b\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66(\u4e61\u571f\u6587\u5316)\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u548c\u4e13\u9879\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u7c7b\u535a\u7269\u9986\uff0c\u5360\u603b\u6570\u768460%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u5fb7\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5728\u5bf9\u6c11\u95f4\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u548c\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u4fdd\u62a4\u65b9\u9762\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u62df\u5c31\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u73b0\u72b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5168\u6587\u5171\u5206\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u5fb7\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7eb5\u89c8\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u5b66\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u6751\u843d\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7eb5\u89c8<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5fb7\u56fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u4e2d\u90e8\uff0c\u56fd\u571f\u9762\u79ef35.7\u4e07\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u7ea68200\u4e07\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u56fd\u571f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd(\u897f\u5fb7)\u548c\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd(\u4e1c\u5fb7)\u3002\u539f\u9996\u90fd\u67cf\u6797\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e1c\u67cf\u6797\u4ecd\u4e3a\u4e1c\u5fb7\u7684\u9996\u90fd\uff0c\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u5f52\u5c5e\u897f\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u88ab\u4e1c\u5fb7\u653f\u5e9c\u4e8e1961\u5e74\u4fee\u5efa\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u5899\u6240\u5305\u56f4\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\u5b64\u5c9b\u30021991\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1c\u3001\u897f\u5fb7\u56fd\u518d\u5ea6\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u79f0\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u7edf\u4e00\u540e\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u6210\u4e3a\u8054\u90a6\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u5dde\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u9996\u90fd\u6240\u5728\u5730\u3002\u5728\u539f\u4e1c\u5fb75\u4e2a\u5dde\u5e76\u5165\u8054\u90a6\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u7248\u56fe\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5fb7\u56fd\u5171\u670916\u4e2a\u5dde\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u5404\u5dde\u5236\u5b9a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u535a\u7269\u9986\u7684\u73b0\u72b6\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u5404\u5dde\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u578b\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9986\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u4e00\u4f8b\u5916\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u63a8\u8fdb\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
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