![\"\"](\"https:\/\/baike123-aliyunoss-img.oss-accelerate.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/14\/20240514191545525.jpg\")
<\/center><\/p>\n\u3000\u3000\u82f1\u56fd\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927·\u5361\u5b81\u5384\u59c6(Alexander Cunningham)\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5370\u5ea6\u8003\u5bdf\u56e2\u4e8e1862\u5e74\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5f00\u5c55\u8003\u53e4\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c
\n\u6b64\u6b21\u8c03\u67e5\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f97\u529b\u4e8e\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u50e7\u4eba\u6cd5\u663e\u548c\u7384\u5958\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000“……\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u884c\u661f\u6309\u7167\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u6cd5\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6700\u7f8e\u4e3d\u7684\u548c\u6700\u5947\u5f02\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4ece\u5982\u6b64\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u59cb\u7aef\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u800c\u4e14\u73b0\u4eca\u8fd8\u5728\u8fdb\u5316\u7740”\u3002(\u67e5\u5c14\u65af·\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\uff0c\u300a\u7269\u79cd\u8d77\u6e90\u300b)<\/i><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000“\u6211\u4eec\u50cf\u539f\u59cb\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65e5\u5347\u65e5\u843d\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u60f3\u8c61\u56f4\u7ed5\u6211\u4eec\u5c9b\u5c7f\u7684\u6ce2\u6d6a\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6d77\u5cb8\u7559\u4e0b\u73ca\u745a\u548c\u73cd\u73e0”\u3002(18\u4e16\u7eaa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9·\u743c\u65af)<\/i><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e0a\u6587\u5f15\u8ff0\u7684\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u754c\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u4e24\u767e\u591a\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4e16\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u7528\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u65e0\u6570\u6700\u7f8e\u4e3d\u548c\u6700\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8de8\u8d8a\u65f6\u7a7a\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7f51\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u6587\u5316\u591a\u6837\u6027\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u548c\u8c10\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u907f\u514d\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u81ea\u6211\u7ea0\u6b63\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdf\u65e9\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8865\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u30001784\u5e74\u5a01\u5ec9·\u743c\u65af\u7235\u58eb\u5728\u52a0\u5c14\u5404\u7b54\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u9879\u4e3e\u63aa\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u75b2\u5026\u5730\u63d0\u5021\u548c\u6267\u7740\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u76db\u884c\u4e0d\u8870\u7684\u72ed\u9698\u7684\u6587\u5316\u89c2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d88\u9664\u90a3\u79cd\u6b63\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u5bf9\u72ed\u9698\u6587\u5316\u89c2\u7684\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u8d23\u5907\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u5a01\u5ec9\u7235\u58eb\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b66\u95ee\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u597d\u5947\u7684\u672c\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u7235\u58eb\u548c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174——\u5373\u300a\u4e1c\u65b9\u7684\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u300b\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u96f7\u8499\u5fb7\u65bd\u74e6\u5e031984\u5e74\u7684\u540c\u540d\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6e29\u99a8\u800c\u8212\u9002\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u9898\u3002\u4ece\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e5f\u53cd\u590d\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u7531\u6587\u5316\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u6210\u89c1\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5371\u673a\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5904\u5728\u5341\u5b57\u8def\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u51b5\u503c\u5f97\u5f7b\u5e95\u53cd\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u65f6\u4ee3\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u6cf0\u52d2\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u5316\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u975e\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u90fd\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a“\u6587\u5316\u6216\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u5c31\u5176\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u662f\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u827a\u672f\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u4e60\u4fd7\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u6240\u638c\u63e1\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u590d\u5408\u4f53\u3002”\u8003\u53e4\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u53f2\u6599\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u7a7a\u53d8\u5316\u30021851\u5e74\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u6c34\u6676\u5bab\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u4e16\u535a\u4f1a\u4ece\u89c6\u89c9\u4e0a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7531\u4e8e17\u548c18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u73b0\u548c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c55\u89c8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f“\u5bf9\u5168\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f1f\u5927\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u8fdb\u884c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8003\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u753b\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b0\u8d77\u70b9”\u3002(\u4e54\u6cbb·\u65af\u6258\u91d1\uff0c\u300a\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u300b)<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684150\u5e74\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u6b65\u4ee4\u4eba\u53f9\u4e3a\u89c2\u6b62\uff0c\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u9020\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5927\u578b\u4fdd\u7559\u8282\u76ee\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u4fe1\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u5f88\u597d\u5417?\u8fd8\u5f88\u8fdc\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8003\u8651\u7684\u662f\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\u968f\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u96be\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e26\u6765\u75db\u82e6\u548c\u82e6\u96be\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u9762\u5bf9\u706b\u5c71\u55b7\u53d1\u548c\u6784\u9020\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5c71\u4f53\u6ed1\u5761\u548c\u6d2a\u6c34\uff0c\u9f99\u5377\u98ce\u548c\u6d77\u5578\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7531\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5468\u6e38\u5217\u56fd\u3001\u5728\u98de\u673a\u5ea7\u6905\u4e0a\u60a0\u95f2\u5730\u4eab\u53d7\u7f8e\u5473\u5348\u9910\u6216\u665a\u9910\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f97\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u9971\u53d7\u9965\u997f\u6298\u78e8\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u6b63\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n
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